The USGenWeb Census Project Intro to Federal Census Research 1790 Census Facts Series: M637 Rolls: 1 - 12.

First U.S. decennial population census. U.S. population: 3.9 million (3.2 million free, .7 million slave) Census conducted by U.S. marshals under the direction of the president. Census day: 1st Monday in August (2 August 1790). Mandated copies: One set, sent to the federal district court. Same copy ordered sent to the U.S. Secretary of State in 1830. A printed list of the 1790 census is available on microfilm as National Archives' publication: Series: T498 Rolls: 1,2, and 3. Information Provided on 1790 Census: Name of family head, free white males of 16 years and up free white males, under 16 free white females; slaves other persons.

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