HAMILTON COUNTY, TN 1860 FEDERAL CENSUS TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES: Prepared by Donald Robbins Transcription aid by Betty Hawley Checked by D. K. Robbins January 4, 2012 Census Sheet's Format ------------------------------- Census Sheet Header Information ------------------------------- Each Census Sheet consists of 40 lines. The Header information contains a place for the Date of entry, Post Office, The County Name (Hamilton) and the name of the recorder of the information. ------------------------------- Census Sheet Detail information ------------------------------- Column 1 - Dwelling - houses numbered in the order of visitation Column 2 - Families, numbered in the order of visitation Column 3 - The name of every person whose usual place of abode on the first day of June, 1860 was in this family Column 4 - Age Column 5 - Sex Column 6 - Color, White, Black or Mulatto or Indian Column 7 - Profession, Occupation or Trade of each person, male and female, over 15 years of age Column 8 - Value of Real Estate Column 9 - Value of Personal Estate Column 10 - Place of Birth, Naming the State, Territory, or Country Column 11 - Married within the year Column 12 - Attended School within the year Column 13 - Person over 20 who could not read or write Column 14 - Whether deaf & dumb, blind, insane, idiotic, pauper or convict In the interest of getting the information transcribed to an 8 1/2 x 11 sheet, some adjustments were made in the format of the transcription. A new line was created, which contains the Page Number and Line Number that the information was transcribed from. The Surname is in Caps, along with the date of the census page, the census district, the Post Office, and the information from Column 1 and Column 2. The information from Columns 11, 12, 13 was encoded following the Column 10 information, Place of Birth. The encoding is: M, for married within the year, S, for attending school within the year, and I, for illiterate for a check in Column 13 for persons over 20 who could not read or write. The information from Column 14 is added, as is, to the person's line. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The information for the 1860 Census for Hamilton County consists of 387 pages. The information for Hamilton is on Microfilm Reel M653-1253 If the vocation included being a farmer, this is denoted by an asterisk The Enumerator was J. B. Peters, at P010-18 There were 2711 Houses and 2713 Families in Hamilton County Hamilton county is the first real city we have done. It has many features, represented by the vocations, of a real city. For instance it has a Notary Public. Two railroads went thru the city and it has a very diverse ethnic mix, with people from all over the States, as well as a number of people from Europe. Sort of a Cross Roads of the South. COUNTS Number of White Males 6331 Number of White Females 6032 Number of Black Males 25 Number of Black Females 29 Number of Mulatto Males 91 Number of Mulatto Females 60 Number of Indian Males 2 Number of Indian Females 7 Number of Students 2152 Number of Illiterates 1136 Number of Married in the last year 160 in the last year PLACES OF BIRTH Tennessee 8635 Georgia 1042 North Carolina 595 South Carolina 410 Virginia 282 Alabama 221 Ireland 179 Kentucky 77 New York 71 Germany 66 Pennsylvania 39 England 37 Maryland 35 New Jersey 19 Massachutes 18 New Hampshire 18 Arkansas 17 Illinois 15 Miss 14 Ohio 14 Europe 13 Missouri 11 France 9 Swiss 8 Wales 7 Iowa 6 Scot 6 Connecticut 4 Indiana 4 Swede 4 Vermont 2 Wales 1 OCCUPATIONS by name appl 1 appt 12 Baker 2 Bank Cashier 1 Bapt Min 3 Bar Keeper 12 Barber 1 Basket Maker 1 Black Smith 51 Boarding House 5 Boat Maker 2 Boating 1 Book Keeper 2 Book Keeping 1 Brakeman 1 Brick Mason 10 Brick Work & Undertaker 1 Butcher 3 chambermaid 2 clerk 45 Cabinent Maker 8 Carpenter 83 Carriage Maker 2 Cashier 1 Chair Maker 1 Chauncery Ct Clrk 1 City Marshal 1 Clerk Ct Ct 1 Clrk Cty Court 1 Coach Maker 2 Constable 3 Cooper 14 Ct Clrk 1 Day Laborer 97 Dentist 1 Depot Boss 1 Dept Sheriff 1 Dept Sheriff 1 Ditcher 3 Domestic 156 Drayman 10 Druggist 3 Editor 3 Engineer 14 Episcop Min 1 Farm Laborer 679 Farmer 1041 Ferryman 1 Fireman 2 Fisher 6 Furnace Manager 1 Gardener 3 Grape Culture 1 Grocer 6 Gun Smith 1 Hack Driver 1 Harness Maker 1 Harness 1 Hotel Keeper 4 House Keeper 1 House Work 272 Iron Master 1 Iron Moulder 1 Jailor 2 JP 3 Laborer 1 Landlord 1 Lawyer 18 Livery Stable Worker 1 Livery Stable 1 Livery 2 messenger 1 Machinist 9 Mail Agent 1 Mail Ageny 1 Mail Carrier 1 Maker 1 Mattress Maker 1 MD 31 Mechanic 1 Merchant retired 1 Merchant 74 Messenger 1 Meth Min 3 Mill Wright 1 Miller 16 Milliner 2 Millwright 6 Miner 12 Minister 4 Minister* 2 Moulder 3 Notary Public 1 overseer 4 Painter 10 Peddler 2 Photographer 1 Plasterer 4 Pork Grinder 1 Pork Merchant 1 Pork Packer 1 Pork Packing 1 Post Master 1 Pres Min 6 Pres RR 1 Printer 6 retired Merchant 2 Rail Roading 1 Recorder 1 Registrar 1 Repairing Cars 1 Requistion Offcr 1 Rock Mason 2 RR asst Mngr 1 RR Agent 7 RR boss 1 RR Boss 1 RR clerk 2 RR Conductor 2 RR Contractor 2 RR Hand 68 RR Paymaster 1 RR Switchman 1 RR Trainman 1 servant 52 student(law) 6 student(med) 3 Saddler 4 Sawyer 4 Seamstress 6 Sex Master 1 Sheriff 1 Shoe Maker 15 Silver Smith 2 Speculator 3 Steam ? 1 Stone Cutter 1 Stone Mason 8 Superintendant* 1 Tanner 2 Taylor 11 Teacher 48 Telegraph Operator 2 Teller 2 Tinner 1 Trader 4 Trustee 1 Waggoner 2 Wagon Maker 18 Washer Woman 30 Watch Maker 2 Watchman 9 Wheelwright 3 INFIRMITIES & OTHERS blind 8 deaf & dumb 1 dumb 3 Farmer prisoner 1 idiotic 6 insane 6 pauper 11 prisoner 1 OCCUPATIONS by frequencies Farmer 1041 Farm Laborer 679 House Work 272 Domestic 156 Day Laborer 97 Carpenter 83 Merchant retired 1 Merchant 74 RR Hand 68 servant 52 Black Smith 51 Teacher 48 clerk 45 MD 31 Washer Woman 30 Lawyer 18 Wagon Maker 18 Miller 16 Shoe Maker 15 Cooper 14 Engineer 14 appt 13 Bar Keeper 12 Miner 12 Taylor 11 Brick Mason 10 Drayman 10 Painter 10 Watchman 9 Machinist 9 student(law) 6 student(med) 3 Cabinent Maker 8 Stone Mason 8 RR Agent 7 Fisher 6 Grocer 6 Pres Min 6 Printer 6 Millwright 6 Seamstress 6 Minister 4 Minister* 2 Boarding House 5 Hotel Keeper 4 overseer 4 Plasterer 4 Trader 4 Saddler 4 Sawyer 4 Bapt Min 3 Butcher 3 Constable 3 Ditcher 3 Druggist 3 Editor 3 JP 3 Gardener 3 Moulder 3 Meth Min 3 Speculator 3 Wheelwright 3 Baker 2 Boat Maker 2 Book Keeper 2 chambermaid 2 Carriage Maker 2 Coach Maker 2 Fireman 2 Jailor 2 Livery 2 Milliner 2 Peddler 2 retired Merchant 2 Rock Mason 2 RR clerk 2 RR Conductor 2 RR Contractor 2 Silver Smith 2 Tanner 2 Telegraph Operator 2 Teller 2 Waggoner 2 Watch Maker 2 Bank Cashier 1 Barber 1 Basket Maker 1 Boating 1 Book Keeping 1 Brakeman 1 Brick Work & Undertaker 1 Cashier 1 Chair Maker 1 Chauncery Ct Clrk 1 City Marshal 1 Clerk Ct Ct 1 Clrk Cty Court 1 Ct Clrk 1 Dentist 1 Depot Boss 1 Dept Sheriff 1 Dept Sheriff 1 Episcop Min 1 Ferryman 1 Furnace Manager 1 Grape Culture 1 Gun Smith 1 Hack Driver 1 Harness Maker 1 Harness 1 House Keeper 1 Iron Master 1 Iron Moulder 1 Laborer 1 Landlord 1 Livery Stable Worker 1 Livery Stable 1 messenger 1 Mail Agent 1 Mail Ageny 1 Mail Carrier 1 Maker 1 Mattress Maker 1 Mechanic 1 Messenger 1 Mill Wright 1 Notary Public 1 Photographer 1 Pork Grinder 1 Pork Merchant 1 Pork Packer 1 Pork Packing 1 Post Master 1 Pres RR 1 Rail Roading 1 Recorder 1 Registrar 1 Repairing Cars 1 Requistion Offcr 1 RR asst Mngr 1 RR boss 1 RR Boss 1 RR Paymaster 1 RR Switchman 1 RR Trainman 1 Sex Master 1 Sheriff 1 Steam ? 1 Stone Cutter 1 Superintendant* 1 Tinner 1 Trustee 1 History of Hamilton County transcribed by Tim Stowell Hamilton County was organized by act of the Legislature October 25, 1819, and was named in honor of Alexander Hamilton, secretary of the treasury, whom Aaron Burr killed in a duel. The topography of the county is extremely varied, being very mountainous in the northwest, the valley portion being about one-third of the whole area. The principal valleys are Tennessee, Lookout, Chattanooga, Chickamauga and Back. Tennessee River and its tributaries drain the county. The geological strata are found from the Knox dolomite to the carboniferous period. Coal caps the highest elevations. Iron ore is also found in extensive quantities. It is doubtless true that the first settlers were Scotchmen, who located here among the Indians very soon after the Revolution. Among the names preserved are Ross, McNair, McCoy, Coody, Martin, Taylor, Adair, Lourie, McPherson and McDonald. The most of these men married Indian wives, and became incorporated into the Cherokee Nation. John Ross was the son of the first mentioned by an Indian wife, and became a chief of the Cherokees. At the time the county was organized the population was 821, of whom 766 were whites. Among the first settlers were Patrick Martin, William Lauderdale, Robert Patterson, Charles Gamble, Hasten Poe, Asahel Rawlings, Nimrod Pendergrass, James Smith, James Cozby, James Brown, Andrew Johnson, William McGill, John Hanna, John Brown, James Varner, Gilbert Vandegriff, George Williams, Nathan Shipley, Preston Gann, George Sawyers, John Russell, Henry Rogers, Elisha Rogers, David Beck, Jacob Hartman, Hugh, David and James Cunningham, Thomas Shirley, Daniel Sciveley and many others were early settlers in the early part of this century. Walden's Ridge was named for John Walling who was killed by the Indians. The name has since been corrupted to Walden's or Wallen's Ridge. A grant of 20,000 acres in Hamilton County was made to Stockley Donelson, by North Carolina, but the boundaries described contained nearly 150,000 acres. When many of the first settlers arrived they found the land occupied by the Cherokees, who to a great degree had been subdued. In 1779 the Shelby and Montgomery expedition against the Cherokees was made, resulting very disastrously to the Indians of the present Hamilton County. Their villages and fields were laid waste, and they were dispersed to the mountains. This was the expedition that carried back such glowing accounts of the country below Knox County to the settlements northeast of the present Knoxville. In 1782 Gen. Sevier, with a large body of men, fought the Indians, commanded by Wynca, on Lookout Mountain, defeating them badly. This battle above the clouds was earlier than the one on the same mountain by Gen. Hooker. In 1788 Gen. Martin fought the second, also badly defeating the natives. After 1819 the Indians were removed to the south side of the river. In 1838 the south side was also taken from them, and they were removed west of the Mississippi. Missionary Ridge or Mission Ridge, as it is sometimes called, was named from the circumstance that the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions had sent out to the Cherokees pious missionaries. The first mission was established in 1817. Revs. Cyrus Kingsbury, Ainsworth E Blunt and John Vail were the first. Brainerd was the name of the first mission. Rev. Loring S Williams and Moody Hall came about the same time. Dwellings, schoolhouses, mills, etc., were built. The postoffice at Rossville was established in 1827, James Coody being commissioned postmaster. The first sessions of the court of pleas and quartersessions were held at the house of Hasten Poe, next at the house of John Mitchell, then at Dallas, the first county seat. In 1840 the court was removed to Vann's Town, and soon afterward to Harrison, where it remained until 1870, when it was taken to Chattanooga, following in each instance the county seat. The total cost of the courthouse at Chattanooga including ground, bell, clock, furniture, fence grading, etc., was $64,625. The new jail was completed in 1881 at a cost of $33,530.83 including the lot. The records of the county and city of Chattanooga were destroyed during the war. The court records are missing prior to 1865. Since that date the county and city courts are very efficient and strong. The present site of Chattanooga was formerly Ross's Landing. It took its name from the Scotchman, Ross, or his descendants, and had an early existence, but did not come into notice until the place began to become a salt market for the salt works far up the river in Virginia. It became a salt market for a large section of country, to the south and east. This trade first brought the landing into notice, and gradually a small hamlet arose there, and finally in 1838 lots were laid out and offered for sale. It was not until 1838 that the whites could acquire titles to the lands there. The salt came down the river from King's Salt Works in Virginia. In 1838, 1500 barrels of salt were sold here at an average price of $8 per barrel. In 1836 the military post was established here, looking to the removal of the Indians two years later. This new tract of land became known as the Ocoee District, and the land office was at Cleveland. Pre-emption rights were given all those who had already made improvements. The town was named Chattanooga upon being laid out, but the meaning of the name is uncertain, though the origin is doubtless from the Indians. In 1839 the town was incorporated as such, and in 1851 was chartered as a city. In the thirties the project of uniting Cincinnati and Charleston, SC, with a railroad was discussed. This finally bought a road from the south to Chattanooga in 1849. At this time the city was a brisk commercial point, and was steadily growing. About 1850 the road to Nashville was completed. These and the Alabama Railroad, which reached Chattanooga over other tracks, and the railroad to Knoxville, gave the city a big boom. In 1858 the road westward to Memphis was built, and in 1879 the city was connected with Cincinnati. In 1856 Chattanooga had become so large that the principal business of the county centered here, but the county seat still remained at Harrison. In 1858 the law court of Chattanooga was created with John C Gaut, judge. A chancery court was also created with T Nixon Van Dyke, chancellor. But these courts were formed only for the convenience of Chattanooga, and were merged into the chancery and circuit courts of the county, respectively, when the county seat was removed from Harrison to Chattanooga in 1870. The great growth of Chattanooga has taken place mainly since the war, and is due to its location among the coal and the iron fields. Capitalists from abroad have come in and built foundries, factories and furnaces, and opened coal and iron mines. Now the city is one of the most active, commercial points in the country. Saw mills, furnaces, foundries, machine shops, pump works, tanneries, brick yards, plow factories, marble works, stove shops, furniture factories, boiler works, ice factories, flouring-mills, lumber yards, etc., are among the present occupations. The early banks were as follows: Bank of Chattanooga, Bank of Tennessee, Branch of the State Union Bank and the Lookout Savings Bank. Later and present banks are City National Bank, Discount and Deposit Bank, Mechanics and Traders Bank, First National Bank, Branch of the Freedman's Savings Bank, Third National and City Savings Bank. In 1878, 366 persons died in the city, of yellow fever. In 1882-83, 334 persons died in the city, of small-pox. The Chattanooga Gazette was founded in 1837 by F A Parham, and was then called the Hamilton Gazette. Among other papers have been the Daily Republican, Daily American Union, Daily Rebel, Daily Herald, Advertiser, Times, Commercial Methodist Advocate, Baptist Reflector, Sunday Argus, Tradesman and others. The Chattanooga Orphan's Home was established in 1878, the YMCA in 1876, the Associated Charities in 1881, and the Steele Home for colored children in 1884. The population of Chattanooga is now about 30,000. Coulterville, Sale Creek, Soddy, Daisy, Melville, Cave Spring Station, Hixson, King's Point, Boyce, Dallas, Harrison, Tyner, Chickamauga, Fairmont, Summertown, Wauhatchie and others, are small towns of the county. When the Civil War began, Chattanooga was a small place (only 2,500 people). So why did Union and Confederate troops fight so hard for it? Railroads. In the years before the Civil War, two of the most important railroads in the South were the one that linked Nashville to Savannah, Georgia, and the one that linked Memphis to Charleston, South Carolina. These two rail links intersected in Chattanooga. In 1863 a Confederate army under General Braxton Bragg retreated southeast through Tennessee, following the route that now closely follows Interstate 24. In July that army marched into Chattanooga, and a couple of months later they retreated out of Chattanooga, still heading southeast. The union troops invaded the city and probably felt pretty good about themselves as they chased the Confederate army toward Georgia. On September 18, however, the Confederate army stopped and fought, resulting in a confusing and bloody battle at a dense area near Chickamauga Creek. It was the second bloodiest battle of the Civil War (second only to Gettysburg). Over a fourth of the men in each army were either killed or wounded in the fighting (and remember that in those days, many of the wounded died in the days and weeks after the battle). Afterwards, the Union Army hobbled back into Chattanooga. The Confederate Army took over Lookout Mountain and proceeded to lay seige to the city -- which means that they surrounded it and tried to make certain that no one could come to or leave from there. Meanwhile the Union Army cut every tree down in and near Chattanooga to use for firewood and other things. This was a grim moment for the Union Army. President Abraham Lincoln quickly ordered troops from other parts of the country and replaced Union General Rosecrans with Ulysses S. Grant, the hero of Vicksburg. Today many historians believe that Confederate General Braxton Bragg made a huge mistake by not attacking right then. In November, the Union Army began its counterattack. Union troops under command of General Joseph Hooker charged up Lookout Mountain, retaking it from the Confederates. The battle took place on a foggy day, and the skirmish became known as the Battle above the Clouds. Today if you go to the top of Lookout Mountain and look down at the hill that these men charged up, it is amazing to imagine. Now back on the offensive, the Union Army came out of Chattanooga and pushed the Confederates back to Missionary Ridge. Another bloodly battle occurred only a few miles from where one had taken place weeks earlier. This time the Union Army, now under the command of General Grant, won. After the battle Confederate General Bragg resigned, and his army withdrew into Georgia. The stage was sent for the invasion of that state. The early schools were private institutions. Aldehoff's Institute, on the top of Lookout Mountain, four miles from The Bald, was a noted institution in ante bellum days. Late in the decade of the sixties the common school system was established in this county under the act of March, 1867. E O Tade became first county superintendent. Slowly and steadily this system has grown into popularity, prominence and power. The scholastic population in 1876 was 4890, and in 1886 it was 11,661. Under the four-mile law the following schools have been established: Poe Spring Academy, Pleasant Grove Seminary, Soddy Preparatory and High School, and Bethlehem Academy. In 1872 the Chattanooga High School for girls was established. Chattanooga University was first designed in 1871 by the Methodist Episcopal Conference. The institution was finally built early in the eighties, the first term opening in September, 1886. Rev. E S Lewis was the first president. All these educational institutions, together with the excellent public school system, give abundant facilities to the youth of Hamilton County for acquiring a liberal education. The missions established in the county at an early date are the first religious movements in the county of which there is any record. They were successful, because in the hands of determined and able Christian workers, sent out by that famous institution of religious learning and zeal --- the Andover Theological Seminary of Massachusetts. The Cumberland Presbyterians began organizing societies about 1841. The Methodists started into life about the same time. There were, doubtless, country societies in the county before this, but nothing is now known of them. The Christian Church did not find a footing in the county until about 1850. The Jews have been organized at Chattanooga for several years. The Episcopalians are comparatively recent. The Baptist Churches date back about forty years. In accordance with the provisions of the act for the incorporation of the city the first election was held on the last Thursday of December, 1851, and the board then chosen organized on January 5, 1852. Following are the names of the mayor and board of aldermen then organized: Mayor, Milo Smith; aldermen: First Ward --- Larkin Hair, N B Parham; Second Ward --- John P Long, J J Bryan; Third Ward --- Robert Cravens, William Crutchfield; Fourth Ward --- D C McMillin, John A Hooke. The following is a complete list of the mayors elected under this charter: In 1853, Henry W Massengale; 1854, William Williams; 1855, E G Pearl; 1856, D C McMillin; 1857, W D Fulton; 1858, W S Bell; 1859, Thomas Crutchfield, Sr.; 1860, Charles E Grenville; 1861, J C Warner; 1862, Milo Smith; 1863, Milo Smith. The Federal Army took possession of the city in September, 1863, and as a consequence, the operations of the civil government were interrupted until October, 1865, when the following officers were elected: Mayor, Richard Henderson; board of aldermen: First Ward ---- A Bohr, A Kesterson; Second Ward ---- J Mann, J DeBeck; Third Ward ---- William Crutchfield, T R Stanley; Fourth Ward ---- Jacob Kunz, D Hogan. The other mayors under this charter were Charles E Lewis, elected in 1866; D C Carr, in 1867 and also in 1868. Marshals: Thomas McMinn, 1852-54; N P Nail, 1855; Philip Simmerman, 1856-57; John J Lowry, 1858-59; Jesse B Allison, 1860-63; R H Croft, 1869; Jesse B Allison, 1870; Charles Howell, 1871; N W Wilbur, 1872; J J Lowry, 1874; D M Doty, 1876; J J Lowry, 1877; E Balch, 1878; J J Lowry, 1879-80; N W Wilbur, 1881-82; ___ Schwartz, 1885. Recorders: Richard Henderson, 1852; John W Ford, 1853; Daniel R Rawlings, 1854; D C McMillin, 1855; Daniel R Rawlings, 1856; William R Rogers, 1857-59; John P Long, 1860-63. Mayors: 1868, A J Sharpe. 1869, W P Rathburn, 925; all others, 12. 1870, W P Rathburn, 963; B S Nicklin, 152; J J McGlohon, 408. 1871, John T Wilder, 1002; Thomas Webster, 812. 1872, E M Wight, 662; P Foster, 568; R Henderson, 179. 1873, P D Sims. 1874, John W James, 1025; S A Key, 808. 1875, Tomlinson Fort. 1876, E M Wight, 971; J H Ragsdale, 847. 1877, T J Carlile, 1121; W J Colburn, 1002. 1878, J T Hill, 1134; John A Hart, 994. 1879, H F Temple, 1113; J C Stanton, 982. 1880, John A Hart, 1249; M J O'Brien, 1127. 1881, H C Evans, 1523; M J O'Brien, 1003. 1882, H C Evans, 1809; J T Shipp, 1188. 1883, Hugh Whiteside, elected for two years. 1885, A G Sharp, 1808; Clift, 1696; Dean, 100. Marshals: 1869, R H Kroft, 489; A G McLemore, 442. 1870, Jesse B Allison, 474; J R Slayton, 276; R H Kroft, 272. 1871, Charles Howell, 920; B B Bell, 437; J O Farmer, 323. 1872, N W Wilbur, 968; J J Lowry, 680. 1874, J J Lowry, 1018; D C Howell, 806. 1876, D M Doty, 926; J J Lowry, 890. 1877, J J Lowry, 1090; W Friedman, 1033. 1878, E Balch, 1093; J J Conway, 1005. 1879, J J Lowry, 776; J A Allen, 744; C G Davis, 507. 1880, J J Lowry, 1251; W P Dale, 1107. 1881, N W Wilbur, 1292. 1882, N W Wilbur, 1775; J J Lowry, 1215. 1885, Schwartz, 1835; Key, 1657; Woodworth, 103. The secret organizations in Chattanooga are so numerous that a history of each one can not well be given in accordance with the plan of this work. A list of them, however, is here introduced. Of the A L of H, there is the Chickamauga Council. Of the A O U W, Benefit Lodge, No. 6; of F L Lookout Camp, No. 33; of the G A R Lookout Post, No. 2; Mission Ridge Post, no. 45, and Chickamauga Post, No. 22 (colored); I O O F, Chattanooga Lodge, No. 45, and Guttenburg Lodge, No. 158; K of H, Schiller Lodge, No. 158; K of L, Lookout Assembly, No. 2270, Eureka Assembly, No. 4375 (colored), Central Assembly, No. 5589, Phoenix Assembly, No. 5726, and McDevitt Assembly, No. 6883; K of P, Damon Lodge, No. 2, Keystone Lodge, No. 35, Endowment Rank Section, No. 337, and Uniform Rank, Anchor Division, No. 3. Masons ---- Lookout Commandery, No. 14, K T; Hamilton Chapter, No. 49, R A M; Chattanooga Lodge, No. 199, F & A M; Temple Lodge, No. 430, F & A M; Royal Arcanum, Chattanooga Council, No. 137. The S of T are represented by the Chattanooga Division, No. 111; U O G C, Chattanooga Commandery, No. 77. Colored organizations: P G M Council, G U O F; Eagle Star Lodge, No. 1777, G U O F; Xenophon Lodge, No. 1995, G U O F; Household of Ruth, No. 121; Lookout Lodge, No. 10; Phoenix Lodge, No. 14, F & A M; Mount Moriah Lodge, No. 21, F & A M. The Confederate Veterans have N B Forest Camp, C V No. 3, organized September 1, 1885. There are in Chattanooga the City Cemetery, Forest Hills Cemetery, the Hebrew Cemetery and the Catholic Cemetery. The postoffice at Chattanooga was established at Ross' Landing, with John P Long as postmaster, March 22, 1837. The name was changed to Chattanooga November 14, 1838. John P Long remained postmaster until October 4, 1845, on which day David J Carr was appointed. Since Mr. Carr's term the following have been postmasters: William F Ragsdale, appointed April 9, 1852; Henry T Phillips, July 15, 1853; James R Hood, March 27, 1861; E A James, July 18, 1865; Robert S Kendrick, April 5, 1869; Samuel Bard, December 12, 1872; Robert S Kendrick, March 20, 1873; William T Cate, March 2, 1875; Thomas Taylor, July 3, 1876; John T Wilder, July 17, 1877; Harry F Griscom, March 29, 1882, and George W Martin, July 15, 1885. The postoffice became presidential February 21, 1856, and the letter-carrier service was established September 1, 1883. The Federal Cemetery contains seventy-five and one-half acres. On the cannon near the entrance is the following inscription: United States National Military Cemetery, Chattanooga, established 1863; interments, 12,876; known, 7947; unknown, 4929. Since this inscription was made additional interments have been made to the number of about 100, so that the entire number is now 12,983; the known being 8020, divided among the States as follows: Alabama, 38; Connecticut, 20; Georgia, 11; Illinois, 1088; Indiana, 1317; Iowa, 185; Kansas, 53; Kentucky, 368; Maryland, 2; Maine, 1; Massachusetts, 73; Michigan, 488; Minnesota, 105; Missouri, 159; New York, 343; New Jersey, 32; Ohio, 1798; Pennsylvania, 197; Rhode Island, 2; Tennessee, 137; Wisconsin, 237; West Virginia, 3; United States Regulars, 203; colored soldiers, 866; employes, 14; pioneers, 5; signal corps, 3; miscellaneous, 272. The total number of unknown is 4963, the largest number being the miscellaneous class, 4830. The grand gateway over the road leading from Montgomery Avenue into this cemetery was completed about February 1, 1880. The archway from the base to the top of the blocking is about 32 feet, the arch, itself, being 19 1/2 feet high and the opening 10 1/2 feet wide. Above the keystone of the arch, on the outside, is the inscription: National Military Cemetery, Chattanooga, 1863. On the inside in a similar position is the following: Here rest in peace 12,956 citizens, who died for their country from 1861 to 1865. Since the war the members of the Legislature from Hamilton County have been as follows: Senators ---- A M Cate, 1865 and 1867; A A Pearson, 1869; E A James, 1873; L S Marye, 1875; R P Lloyd, 1877; John R Neal, 1879; J L Gaston, 1881; H L W Raulston, 1883; H B Case, 1885. Representatives ---- James R Hood, 1865; John Anderson, 1866 and 1867; E A James, 1869; C C Patton, 1873; George R James, 1875; S A Key, 1877; H M Wiltse, 1879 and 1881; H B Case and Peter Bolton, 1883; W C Hodge and T H Davis, 1885. Following is the presidential vote in Hamilton County from 1868 to 1884 inclusive: 1868 ---- Ulysses S Grant, 1273; Horatio Seymour, 393. 1872 ---- Grant, 1630; Horace Greeley, 1098. 1876 ---- Rutherford B Hayes, 1888; Samuel J Tilden, 1613. 1880 ---- James A Garfield, 2460; W S Hancock, 1595; J B Weaver, 117. 1884 ---- James G Blaine, 3829; Grover Cleveland, 2439. Gubernatorial vote: March 4, 1865, W G Brownlow, 705, no opposition. 1867 ---- W G Brownlow, 1480; Emerson Etheridge, 302. 1869 ---- D W C Senter, ----; ----- Stokes, ----. 1870 ---- W H Wisener, 1364; J C Brown, 1171. 1872 ---- A A Freeman, 1602; J C Brown, 1161. 1874 ---- Horace Maynard, 1155; James D Porter, 1145. 1876 ---- George Maney, ----; James D Porter, 1627; Dorsey B Thomas, 1086; W F Yardley, ----. 1878 ---- E M Wight, 1103; A S Marks, 711; R M Edwards, 43. 1880 ---- Alvin Hawkins, 2440; John V Wright, 1428; S F Wilson, 346; R M Edwards, 114. 1882 ---- Alvin Hawkins, 2385; William B Bate, 1633; Joseph H Fussell, 39; John R Beasley, 22. 1884 ---- Frank T Reid, 4263; William B Bate, 2366; W J Buchanan, ----. 1886 ---- Robert L Taylor, 2381; Alfred A Taylor, 3581. Following is a list of the principal county officers from 1820 to 1876, since which time the election returns are obtainable and are introduced in connection with most officers' names: Asahel Roger's name is signed as county court clerk to the first deed registered after the county was organized, to which he also affixed his Privet seal, not having an official seal at the office that day, March 1, 1821. Asahel Rogers remained in this office until 1844, when he was succeeded by William T Rogers. Subsequent clerks have been R Henderson, 1847; James Clift, 1848; John H Robertson, November, 1848-56; George W Arnett, 1856-60; Charles W Vinson, 1860-64; R H Guthrie, 1864-70; J R Hardie, 1870-74; L M Clark, from 1874 to present time (1886). Sheriffs ---- Charles Gamble, Terrill Riddle, A M Rogers, Matthew Anderson, John Johnson, J C Francis, James Roddy, James C Conner, William Snow, Milo Coulter, G W Rider, A B Connor, William H Bean, J C Conner, Charles B Champion. The sheriffs collected the taxes up to 1840. From that time to 1877 there served the following as ---- Tax collectors ---- James Rogers, Newton McGill, A Selcer, Joseph Yarnell, W H Bean, M Adams and D B Ragsdale. Trustees ---- Thomas Stiff, William Rogers, Alfred King, A P Hunter, George W Julian, Jesse Locke, W H Crowder, George Curry, F Vaughn. Registers ---- J H Jones, 1819; James S Yarnell, 1836; A G W Puckett, 1840; Resin M Rawlings, 1842; John H Torbett, 1843; A A Vinson, 1844; J B Peters, 1853; A W Moore, 1860; John F Hamill, 1868; H C Beck, from 1874 to the present time. Circuit court clerks ---- Daniel Henderson, Dr. P H Butler, B C Conner, B B Cannon, A G W Puckett, E A Glass, William Rogers, C W Vinson. The first surveyor of Hamilton County was Samuel R Russell, who served from 1824 to 1828. He was followed by John Cummings from 1828 to 1830; B B Cannon, 1830-37; Noble J Tounnel, a short time in 1837; Robet Tumall, 1837-47; Alexander T Prowell, 1847-48; Presley R Lomenick, 1848-54; B F Clark, 1854-61; Presley R Lomenick, 1861, killed during the war; --- Lowe, first after the war, Robert L McNabb, Alfred Conner, James W Clift, R C McRee, Jr.; James Layman served five or six years; M E Dickens, six months in 1881; L B Headrick, from October, 1881, to January, 1882; A H Rogers from 1882 to the present time. The year 1870 is the first for which it is practicable to give tolerably accurate election returns for this county. In August an election was held at which the following votes were cast: Chancellor ---- D M Key, 1032; D C Trewhitt, 806; John C Gaut, 128. Circuit court judge ---- John B Hoyl, 979; W L Adams, 939. Circuit court clerk ---- C W Vinson, 1131; Stults, 831. County judge ---- A G W Puckett, 1056; Blackford, 670; Rogers, 136. County clerk ---- Hardie, 1113; Guthrie, 928; Heaton, 72. Register ---- Long, 911; Hamill, 894; Moore, 77. In 1872 the vote was as follows: Sheriff ---- Bean, Republican, 1591; Brown, Democrat, 953. Tax collector ---- Adams, Democrat, 1353; Carlile, Republican, 1277. Trustee ---- Crowder, Republican, 1477; Selcer, Democrat, 1114. Hamilton County has been represented in the United States Senate by one of her citizens, David M Key, who was appointed to the seat made vacant by the death of Andrew Johnson, which occurred July 31, 1875, and in the Lower House of Congress by two of her sons --- Reese B Brabson 1859-61, and William Crutchfield 1873-75. Mr. Crutchfield was elected by a majority of 1029 in a district which had usually been Democratic by about 5000 majority, the vote of his opponent, D M Key, being 8921. With reference to this election it was said that in 1871 the voting population of the district was 28,476, while in 1872 when Mr. Crutchfield was elected, only 19,068 votes were cast, of which Mr. Crutchfield received 9950, Mr. Key 8921. There were therefore 9048 voters who did not vote, most of whom were whites. Mr. Crutchfield's success, therefore, was largely due to the colored men. His majority in Hamilton County was 301. In 1876 the following votes were polled: For member of Congress ---- Dibrell, 1615; Drake, 1857. State senator --- Lloyd, 1624; Padgett, 1853. Floater --- Shepherd, 1693; Pryor, 1780. Representative --- 1744; Munger, 1735. In 1878 the following was the vote: Chancellor --- Bradford, 1835; Mayfield, 1543. Circuit court judge -- Trewhitt, 2562; Hoyl, 1084; Northrup, 43. Attorney-general ---- Milburn, 1957; Spears, 1661. County judge --- McRee, Democrat, 1509; Headrick, Greenback, 680; Gowan, Republican, 1431. Sheriff ---- Rogers, Democrat, 1601; Springfield, Republican, 1859; Conner, 233. Circuit court clerk ---- R M Tankesley, Democrat, 2076; C W Vinson, Republican, 1587. County court clerk ---- Jones, Democrat, 1380; L M Clark, Republican, 2326. Trustee ---- Ragsdale, Democrat, 1662; Gahagan, Republican, 1910. Register ---- Coulter, Democrat, 1547; Beck, Republican, 1827; Catron, 222. The Republican Congressional Convention for the Third District met August 17, 1880. Col. H B Case and G A Gowin were put in nomination, Col. Case receiving sixty-seven votes on the first ballot, thus becoming the nominee. The Democrats nominated G G Dibrell, and the Greenbackers John W James. In the election Dibrell received in Hamilton County 1509 votes, Case 2368 and James 250. In the entire district Dibrell received 12,806 votes, and Case 9918. For the rest of the officers, Hamilton County polled the following votes: Sheriff --- Springfield, Republican, 2262; Champion, Democrat, 1647. Trustee --- Gahaan, Republican, 2651; Rogers, Democrat, 1249. Floater ---- Moon, 1636; Kennedy, 2412; Welch, 114. Representative ---- Cowart, Democrat, 1478; Wiltse, Republican, 2354; Mannell, 311. The voting population of Hamilton County in 1880 was 4172. In 1881, according to a careful census, it was as follows: In the First, Second, Third, Eighth and Sixteenth Districts, 987; in the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Fifteenth and Seventeenth, 1479; in the Eleventh, 391; in the Twelfth, 447 --- total outside of Chattanooga, 3304. In Chattanooga it was: Whites, 2843; blacks, 1387 ---- total, 4230; and in the entire county, 7534, an increase in one year of 3362. In 1882 the vote of the county was as follows: Sheriff ---- J E Conner, 1929; W T Cate, 2393. Circuit court clerk ---- R M Tankesley, 1901; A R Jones, 2319. County court clerk ---- W J Sawyer, 1273; L M Clark, 2994. Trustee ---- J H Poe, 1560; A Shelton, 2624. Register ---- W J Ingle, 1438; H C Beck, 2817. Member of Congress - Dibrell, 1521; Trewhitt, 2531; Parker, 7. State senator ---- Rankin, 1654; Roulston, 2353; Coppinger, 7. Representative ---- Woodard, 1658; Patterson, 1669; Case, 2284; Bolton, 2347; Gillespie, 6; Stokes, 9. In the Third Congressional District Dibrell;s vote was 11,403; Trewhitt's 9698. In 1884 the congressional vote in Hamilton County was for Neal, Democrat, 2249; H C Evans, Republican, 4392, while in the entire district Evans' vote was 14,221, and Neal's 14,289. In 1886 the congressional vote was for Neal, 2300; John T Wilder, Republican, 3655. Senator ---- Kennedy, Republican, 3332; Whitice, Democrat, 2632. Representative ---- Stone, Republican, 3485; Hutchins, Republican (colored), 2742; Drumbar, Democrat, 2734; Lloyd, Democrat, 2525. In the entire district Wilder's vote was 13,818; Neal's 14,115. The first judges of the circuit court were Thomas Keith, George W Rowles and John C Gaut, the latter being the first to preside in this court since the war. The first records of this court are dated October 3, 1864, all previous to that time having been destroyed, the session being held at Harrison, with John C Gaut presiding. The political complexion of the people of Hamilton County from 1832 to the breaking out of the civil war is shown by the following figures: Presidential vote, 1832, Andrew Jackson, 100. 1836, Martin Van Buren, 158; Hugh L White, 215. 1840, Martin Van Buren, 473; William Henry Harrison, 606. 1844, James K Polk, 624, Henry Clay, 644. 1848, Lewis Cass, 634; Zachary Taylor, 685. 1852, Franklin Pierce, 648; Winfield Scott, 774. 1856, James Buchanan 1051; Millard Fillmore, 1064. 1860, John C Breckinridge, 820; John Bell, 1074; Stephen A Douglas, 165. An examination of the above vote shows that while the two parties, Democratic and Whig, were sometimes very nearly equal in strength, yet the Whigs were uniformly in the majority. Following is the gubernatorial vote previous to the war: 1839, James K Polk, 436; Newton Cannon, 629. 1841, James K Polk, 560; James C Jones, 628. 1843, James K Polk, 621; James C Jones, 628. 1845, Aaron V Brown, 548; Ephraim H Foster, 613. 1847, Aaron V Brown, 721; Neill S Brown, 628. 1849, William Trousdale, 601; Neill S Brown, 750. 1851, William Trousdale, 601; William B Campbell, 885. 1853, Andrew Johnson, 972; Gustave A Henry, 786. 1855, Andrew Johnson, 1044; Meredith P Gentry, 966. 1857, Isham G Harris, 890; Robert Hatton, 959. 1859, Isham G Harris, 1056; John Netherland, 1121. Following is a list of the members of the Legislature from Hamilton County previous to the war: Senators ---- James Standifer, 1821; John Billingsly, 1823; James Preston, 1825; James I Greene, 1829-31; Mills Vernon, 1833-35; Richard Waterhouse, 1841; J M Anderson, 1843; Isaac Robertson, 1845; J M Anderson, 1847; James W Gillespie, 1851; John M Havron, 1853; J C Burch, 1857; J A Minnis, 1859-61. Representatives ---- James C Mitchell, 1821; Thomas Kelly, 1823-25; Thomas J Campbell, 1831-33; Joseph M Anderson, 1837; William J Standifer, 1839; Daniel R Rawlings, 1841; James A Whiteside, 1845-47; John M Havron, 1849-51; John C Burch, 1855; J W White, 1857; Daniel C Trewhitt, 1859. Source: Page 932 - 938, Goodspeed's History of East Tennessee, 1884. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - THE STORY TELLERS We are the chosen. My feelings are, in each family there is one who seems called to find the ancestors. To put flesh on their bones and make them live again, to tell the family story and to feel that somehow they know, and approve. To me, doing genealogy is not a cold gathering of facts but, instead, breathing life into all who have gone before. We are the story tellers of the tribe. All tribes have one. We have been called as it were, by our genes. Those who have gone before cry out to us: Tell our story. So, we do. In finding them, we somehow find ourselves. How many graves have I stood before now and cried? I have lost count. How many times have I told the ancestors you have a wonderful family you would be proud of us? How many times have I walked up to a grave and felt somehow there was love there for me? I cannot say. It goes beyond just documenting facts. It goes to who am I and why do I do the things I do? It goes to seeing a cemetery about to be lost forever to weeds and indifference and saying I can't let this happen. The bones here are bones of my bone and flesh of my flesh. It goes to doing something about it. It goes to pride in what our ancestors were able to accomplish. How they contributed to what we are today. It goes to respecting their hardships and losses, their never giving in or giving up, their resoluteness to go on and build a life for their family. It goes to deep pride that they fought to make and keep us a Nation. It goes to a deep and immense understanding that they were doing it for us. That we might be born who we are. That we might remember them. So we do. With love and caring and scribing each fact of their existence, because we are them and they are us. So, as a scribe called, I tell the story of my family. It is up to that one called in the next generation to answer the call and take their place in the long line of family storytellers. That, is why I do my family genealogy, and that is what calls those young and old to step up and put flesh on the bones. THE NEXT CENSUS The year 1860 is the time appointed for taking the eighth census of the United States. From having been originally a simple enumeration's of persons, this Federal census has grown to be a decennial register of the number of inhabitants and their occupation, religious denominations & c, and also a statement of the commerce, manufacturers, arts and industry, and the wealth of the nation. The collection of these statistics has hitherto been attended with immense labor and difficulty. The inquiries of the census takers have not only been baffled by the stupidity and perverseness and ignorance of many to whom they were addressed; but it has been impossible to obtain accurate information upon important subjects because the parties; who alone are presumed capable of imparting it, have never taken the trouble to inform themselves. It often occurs that, in the absence of the head of a family no other member of it is able to give the information required; for instance as to the ages of the different members or it, or the amount of land in cultivation, the number of negroes and their ages, the quantity and value of horses, mules and oxen, etc., or of farming implements or farm products. In town and country similar difficulties are continually met with by the marshals appointed to collect these statistics, and the census is consequently returned incomplete. It is probably that while care will be observed to prevent any frauds or excess in the publication of the next census, it will be ordered by Congress to be taken so as to include all the most important items of information in regard to the progress of our population and our country. In view of this contingency the Nashville News very sensibly suggest that each farmer, this fall , as he gathers his crops, shall keep something like an accurate account of the quality and value of the same; and if he will take the trouble to make out a statement of the names and ages of his family; the number and ages of his servants, the number and value of his horses and mules; the number of bales of cotton, barrels of corn, bushels of wheat, oats, rye, barley, potatoes, etc., and leave it in some place where any member of the family, who may be at home when the deputy marshal shall call, can readily get hold of it, it will save time to all concerned, and very greatly assist to make the census return perfect, complete and satisfactory.